Allopatric Speciation: Evolutionary Divergence Due to Physical Barriers

What is an example of allopatric speciation from the data provided?

a) Eastern and Western meadowlarks

b) Abert and Kaibab squirrels

c) Cichlid fishes

d) Apple maggot flies

Answer:

The correct example of allopatric speciation from the data provided is Abert and Kaibab squirrels.

Allopatric speciation is a type of evolution where a species splits into two separate groups due to a physical barrier, leading each group to evolve separately. In this case, the Abert and Kaibab squirrels are a prime example of allopatric speciation.

The Abert and Kaibab squirrels started as a single population but were separated by the formation of the Grand Canyon. This physical barrier prevented gene flow between the two groups, causing them to evolve independently over time. As a result, the Abert and Kaibab squirrels have distinct traits and adaptations that make them different species today.

This process illustrates how geographical barriers can drive speciation by isolating populations and allowing them to diverge genetically. Allopatric speciation is a crucial mechanism in the diversity of life on Earth, shaping the evolution of species over time.