The Role of Chromium in Creating Stainless Steel

What is the primary metallic element added to steel to create stainless steel?

A. Manganese

B. Nickel

C. Chromium

D. Carbon

Answer:

The primary metallic element added to steel to create stainless steel is:

C. Chromium

Explanation

The primary metallic element that is added to steel to make it into stainless steel is chromium. Stainless steel is an alloy that comprises iron, carbon, and other metals. However, chromium is especially significant in the creation of stainless steel because it reacts to oxygen in the atmosphere to form a thin, strong film that prevents the iron from rusting. Stainless steel can contain varying amounts of chromium, but a minimum of approximately 10.5% is often required for the material to be considered stainless.

Steel is created by removing impurities from iron and adding elements like manganese, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium. These additional elements and the processes used in manufacturing steel give it specific characteristics and properties, making it suitable for various purposes. The carbon content in most steels ranges from 0.04% to 2.5%, and excess carbon must be removed during steel production to prevent the resulting alloy from becoming brittle.