Gas Processes in a Closed Piston-Cylinder Device

What are the three processes that a gas undergoes in a closed piston-cylinder device?

a. Constant pressure process
b. Constant volume process with heat transfer
c. Polytropic compression process

Answer:

Calculations are not feasible without knowing details about the gas, temperature, and heat transfer. However, a P-V diagram can be sketched with each step representing a different process (constant pressure, constant volume, polytropic compression) and the direction of the processes represented by arrows.

Explanation:

This question involves the understanding of thermodynamics and properties of gases. Unfortunately, we won't be able to calculate the pressure and volume at State 3 and the work for each process without additional information such as the amount of gas, type of gas, initial temperature, and heat being transferred.

However, to visualize these processes on a P-V diagram, start by plotting a horizontal line from the initial state (State 1) to end at twice the starting volume (State 2), representing the constant pressure process. Next, draw a vertical line upwards from State 2, representing the constant volume process leading to State 3. Lastly, draw a curve going back to the starting point (State 1), indicating the polytropic compression process. Arrows should be drawn along the path from State 1 to State 2, from State 2 to State 3, and from State 3 back to State 1 indicating the direction of the processes.